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missa pange lingua texture

Therefore it looks as if the 'Alamire' scriptorium first obtained a copy of the mass in which the rather highly demanding settings for two soloists were replaced by other settings, and only somewhat later obtained a fair copy of Josquin's original version. It furthers the University's objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide, This PDF is available to Subscribers Only. It was common in the early and middle 15th century for a work such as a motet to use an embellished plainchant melody as its source, with the melody usually in the topmost voice. "[9], Rather than being a summation of his previous techniques, as can be seen in the last works of Guillaume Dufay, Josquin's mass synthesizes several contrapuntal trends from the late 15th and early 16th centuries into a new kind of style, one which was to become the predominant compositional manner of the Franco-Flemish composers in the first half of the 16th century. 6 listen ive been talking to my friends here at sputnikmusic. The Wheel of Fortune is turning in Josquins mind-bending Missa Fortuna desperata, one of the first masses to be based on a polyphonic model rather than a simple melody. ctesibius (2009/12/4), Kyrie Josquin Des Prez's Luminous Sound : NPR - Constant flow more feasible because of increased variation in rhythm. 7 2nd published: 1546 Nrnberg: Hans Ott Notes Of his 18 reliably attributed masses, the Missa Pange lingua deserves its high popularity, both for the beauty of individual moments, as well as for the elegance of its formal design. Winter Sale: 65% OFF 03 d: 12 h: 01 m: 21 s. View offer. [2] Famous copyist Pierre Alamire included it at the beginning of one of his two compilations of masses by Josquin. 8 With its great variety of textures and easy-going yet sublime canons, Josquins second mass based on the popular Lhomme arm melody feels like fantasia on the theme of the armed man, evoking minimalist sound worlds la Philip Glass. melody, placed ostentatiously in long notes at the top of the texture. A cappella. Jan van Eyck, The Ghent Altar (1432, detail) artinflanders.be (photo: Hugo Maertens, Dominique Provost). 2 Take a look at this works in the Online Art Guide. 0.0/10 This group of sources from the 'Alamire' scriptorium clearly demonstrates that Josquin himself was not directly involved in the dissemination of his mass by way of the 'Alamire' scriptorium. made copies of the setting, and distributed those copies among colleagues? Access to content on Oxford Academic is often provided through institutional subscriptions and purchases. 4 Do not use an Oxford Academic personal account. Its free-flowing polyphony, less rigorously canonic than that of his earlier works, is supple, expressive and extraordinarily beautiful, and contributes to a sonority that's unusually rich and luminous. 0.0/10 Agnus Dei I and III from Missa Pange lingua Josquin Dum vastos Adriae fluctus Jacquet de Mantua (1483-1559) Friday, February 26, 2021 at 8pm . 8 10. The Tallis Scholars : Missa Pange LinguaMissa La Sol Fa Re Mi CD 2 Missa "Pange Lingua", for 4 parts | Details | AllMusic Benedictus 6. Wikimedia Commons Given the quality of these unique readings, most of them may be the result of some performing practice outside the composer's control. 2 6 0.0/10 The early Missa Lami Baudichon shows the young composer at the beginning of his career, exploring what he could do with the form. *#575456 - 0.07MB, 6 pp. 6 Features triple meter and imitative polyphony. The Benedictus is truly a bold conception, taking the now-customary method of conjoined duets a stage further, by having just two voices answering each other in the most fragile of conversations. Palestrina used paraphrase technique in 31 of his masses, second only to parody, which he used in 51. the New Josquin Edition Critical Commentary: Masses based on Gregorian chants 0.0/10 (-) - !N/!N/!N - 221 - MID - Reccmo, Gloria 1-5 First published: 1539 in Missae tredecim quatuor vocum (Hans Ott), no. 4 0.0/10 (-)- !N/!N/!N - 74 - Agarvin, Engraving Files (Lilypond) 10 Album Rating: 5.0Fair point - Blackwater Park review coming up next. Discover the richness and diversity of the masses through The Tallis Scholars award-winning recordings and essays by their founder and artistic director, Peter Phillips. Society member access to a journal is achieved in one of the following ways: Many societies offer single sign-on between the society website and Oxford Academic. 10 Music 1. 1-5 *#575452 - 0.05MB, 4 pp. [7], Josquin uses imitation frequently in the mass, and also pairs voices; indeed there are many passages with only two voices singing, providing contrast to the fuller textures surrounding them. If you are a member of an institution with an active account, you may be able to access content in one of the following ways: Typically, access is provided across an institutional network to a range of IP addresses. The official publication of the American Choral Directors Association is Choral Journal. 6 Benedictus Some societies use Oxford Academic personal accounts to provide access to their members. Siegbert Rampe: Preface to "Froberger, New Edition of the Complete Works I", Kassel etc. *#218222 - 0.02MB, 2 pp. 2 Composer: Josquin Title: "Kyrie" from "Missa Pange Lingua" Date: 1514 Period: Renaissance Genre: Mass Rhythm, meter, and texture: Varied, flowing rhythms, in line with how Renaissance music favored varying rhythmic independence for the melodic lines. You do not currently have access to this chapter. (-)- !N/!N/!N - 5019 - Reccmo, Engraving files (MusiXTeX) Choral Monuments: Studies of Eleven Choral Masterworks, Archaeological Methodology and Techniques, Browse content in Language Teaching and Learning, Literary Studies (African American Literature), Literary Studies (Fiction, Novelists, and Prose Writers), Literary Studies (Postcolonial Literature), Musical Structures, Styles, and Techniques, Popular Beliefs and Controversial Knowledge, Browse content in Company and Commercial Law, Browse content in Constitutional and Administrative Law, Private International Law and Conflict of Laws, Browse content in Legal System and Practice, Browse content in Allied Health Professions, Browse content in Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Clinical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, Browse content in Public Health and Epidemiology, Browse content in Science and Mathematics, Study and Communication Skills in Life Sciences, Study and Communication Skills in Chemistry, Browse content in Earth Sciences and Geography, Browse content in Engineering and Technology, Civil Engineering, Surveying, and Building, Environmental Science, Engineering, and Technology, Conservation of the Environment (Environmental Science), Environmentalist and Conservationist Organizations (Environmental Science), Environmentalist Thought and Ideology (Environmental Science), Management of Land and Natural Resources (Environmental Science), Natural Disasters (Environmental Science), Pollution and Threats to the Environment (Environmental Science), Social Impact of Environmental Issues (Environmental Science), Neuroendocrinology and Autonomic Nervous System, Psychology of Human-Technology Interaction, Psychology Professional Development and Training, Browse content in Business and Management, Information and Communication Technologies, Browse content in Criminology and Criminal Justice, International and Comparative Criminology, Agricultural, Environmental, and Natural Resource Economics, Teaching of Specific Groups and Special Educational Needs, Conservation of the Environment (Social Science), Environmentalist Thought and Ideology (Social Science), Pollution and Threats to the Environment (Social Science), Social Impact of Environmental Issues (Social Science), Browse content in Interdisciplinary Studies, Museums, Libraries, and Information Sciences, Browse content in Regional and Area Studies, Browse content in Research and Information, Developmental and Physical Disabilities Social Work, Human Behaviour and the Social Environment, International and Global Issues in Social Work, Social Work Research and Evidence-based Practice, Social Stratification, Inequality, and Mobility, https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190469023.001.0001, https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190469023.003.0001. 10 Josquin Desprez has enjoyed the highest esteem both of his contemporaries (Martin Luther called him the "Master of the Notes"), and of music historians since his day. In general, melodic continuation either follows the principle of one note to one syllable, or, within this stream, slightly emphasizes a particular word by a few extra notes, which may stress its particular meaning as well as the apparently French pronunciation of the text. 6 The Missa Pange lingua is a musical setting of the Ordinary of the Mass by Franco-Flemish composer Josquin des Prez, probably dating from around 1515, near the end of his life. 8 *#572203 - 3.79MB - 4:08 - Gloria 4 10 Musical paraphrase, in general, had been used for a long time before it was first applied to the music of the Ordinary of the Mass. The refrain of a carol. Genre: Sacred,Mass, Languages: Greek, Latin Take a look. 0.0/10 Missa Pange lingua It is probably Josquin's last mass settingbut it is definitely one of his best With the Missa Pange lingua we finally come to a setting which has united rather than divided its commentators. The achievements of Flemish artists like Hans Memling would influence the development of Renaissance painting for generations to come. 6 Josquin: Missa Pange lingua & Missa La sol fa re mi 8 10 0.0/10 L. Macy (Accessed March 25, 2007), Gustave Reese (biography) and Jeremy Noble (works), "Josquin Desprez," Howard Mayer Brown, "Mass", in. Comes from a hymn called pange lingua c. Designed for a corpus christi, a feast celebrating the communion d. Of the renaissance high texture which includes imitation and homophony e. Starts kyrie then moves to christe then continues back to kyrie 2. 6 Josquin - Missa Pange lingua & Missa La sol fa re mi. However, the introduction of a b-flat before the third note of the 'Pange lingua' motive at the start of the Credo (Bassus/Contra, mm. (-) - !N/!N/!N - 779 - MP3 - Stenov, 4 more: 2. 6 8 100%. *#572205 - 7.09MB - 7:45 - Credo 0.0/10 140 is a more easily recognized cantus firmus work, a chorale cantata. Firstpublished: 1539in Missae tredecim quatuor vocum (Hans Ott), no. Josquins shortest mass setting is based on a melody by his revered teacher Johannes Ockeghem and contains a moving musical tribute to the older composer. This national publication, issued monthly, contains articles and columns of a scholarly and practical nature in addition to reviews of newly released CD recordings, books, and printed music. *#622066 - 0.02MB,? Credo - [06:45] 04. He composed fluently and well in every contemporary genre of music, sacred and secular. The elegant motto openings of each major movement stem from the hymn's first phrase. In VienNB 4809 most of the under-third cadences are suppressed, and several unpractical rhythmic substitutions as well as other unique readings have been introduced. 4 Stylistically, the Missa Pange Lingua is the summit of Josquin's work in the genre. - 4 It is probably Josquins last mass settingbut it definitely is one of his best: the way Missa Pange lingua realizes a democratic conversation between all four voice parts had profound repercussions for later Renaissance music throughout Europe. A personal account can be used to get email alerts, save searches, purchase content, and activate subscriptions. Learn New. 0.0/10 Josquin - Missa Pange lingua & Missa La sol fa re mi - gimell Missa Pange lingua (Josquin) - from CDH55374 - Hyperion Records - MP3 and Lossless downloads Welcome to Hyperion Records, an independent British classical label devoted to presenting high-quality recordings of music of all styles and from all periods from the twelfth century to the twenty-first. Missa Pange lingua | Musicality | Fandom 8 *#575455 - 0.08MB, 9 pp. 2 Paraphrase. Jena, Thringer Universitts- und Landesbibliothek, MS 21, Vienna, sterreichische Nationalbibliothek, Handschriftensammlung, Ms 4809, Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, Musiksammlung, Musica MS 510, Leipzig, Universittsbibliothek, MSS Thomaskirche 49/50, Regensburg, Bischfliche Zentralbibliothek, MS C100, Rostock, Bibliothek der Wilhelm-Pieck-Universitt, MS Saec. Josquin Desprez - Pange lingua Mass, Gloria . *#218223 - 0.32MB,? [8] Several passages in homophony are striking, and no more so than the setting of "et incarnatus est" in the Credo: here the text, "he became incarnate by the Holy Ghost from the Virgin Mary" is set to the complete melody from the original hymn which contains the words "Sing, O my tongue, of the mystery of the divine body. (-)- !N/!N/!N - 57 - Agarvin, ZIP typeset by editor 0.0/10 In these works, the source hymns are often presented in a condensed form. 7 *#218218 - 0.08MB, 8 pp. 4 Anastassia Rakitianskaia (2019/6/3), 4 more: II. Rhythm. Missa Choralis (S.10) [00:31:58] 01. 2 Josquin's moments of greatest compositional reserve, such as the stillness of "Et incarnatus est," or the bare canonic structure which opens the Benedictus, do not represent emotional withdrawal, but rather a greater serenity, on the one hand, and a feeling of expectancy, on the other. Missa Pange Lingua By Josquin Des Prez (1440-1521) - Book [Softcover Album Rating: 5.0This is a hard piece to write about because in a lot of ways it feels like the apex of his abilities without doing any one thing especially incredibly, but I gave it the ol' college try anyhow. [1] As a specific example of early 16th-century Composer: Josquin des Prez, Number of voices: 4vv Voicing: SATB 6 Cyclic mass - Wikipedia A CATHOLIC MASS FOR A MEDIEVAL CULT. 10 In those Ordinary movements with little text, the structure of melodic phrases in general leaves no doubt where repetition of text has been intended, particularly in the long-winded duos in the Sanctus. 8 4 General Information Title: Missa Pange lingua Composer: Francisco Lpez Capillas Lyricist: Number of voices: 6vv Voicing: SSATBB Genre: Sacred , Mass Language: Latin Instruments: A cappella First published: Description: Based on the more hispano version of the Pange lingua chant External websites: Credo IV. Josquin: Missa Pange lingua - Kyrie - YouTube Since the style of the composition points to a rather late work by Josquin, singing of the mass may have been restricted for a period to the church of Cond. 4 The way in which he took a plainchant hymn (written by Thomas Aquinas for the feast of Corpus Christi) and divided its six short phrases so straightforwardly among all four voice-parts had profound repercussions for later Renaissance music throughout Europe. Download and print in PDF or MIDI free sheet music for Missa Pange Lingua by Josquin des Prez arranged by saintandr for Tenor, Bass voice, Baritone, Voice (other) (Men's Choir) Browse Learn. Missa Pange lingua, NJE 4.3 (Josquin Desprez) - IMSLP Reccmo (2012/4/12), Gloria Find many great new & used options and get the best deals for The Tallis Scholars : Missa Pange LinguaMissa La Sol Fa Re Mi CD at the best online prices at eBay! The setting's whereabouts in the Low Countries before Alamire first got his hands on one of its readings are still a mystery. Performance practices include numbers, types, and placements of singers; meter, tactus, and tempo; text underlay; and musica ficta and music recta. [3] [1] It was not available to Ottaviano Petrucci for his 1514 collection of Josquin's masses, the third and last of the set; additionally, the mass contains references to other late works such as the Missa de Beata Virgine and the Missa Sine nomine. 8 4 0.0/10 This openness of scoring is unhindered by strict canon or clever mathematics of any kind. 2 (-)- !N/!N/!N - 1763 - Reccmo, Engraving files (MusiXTeX) 2 In this respect the very unsatisfying underlay of text in the Sanctus and the Agnus dei as transmitted by the 'Alamire' manuscripts may point to some earlier copying in haste. Traduzioni in contesto per "the others being the Missa" in inglese-italiano da Reverso Context: The Missa de Beata Virgine was one of Josquin's last three masses, with the others being the Missa Sine nomine and the Missa Pange lingua. Missa Gaudeamus represents Renaissance artistry at its most intense. 2 XVI-71/73. *#575454 - 0.10MB, 9 pp. Josquin's Missa Pange lingua is composed on material derived from the melody to which, from the 13th century onwards, Thomas of Aquinas's adaptation of a hymn by Venantius Fortunatus may have been most frequently sung. 4 Shibboleth / Open Athens technology is used to provide single sign-on between your institutions website and Oxford Academic. (-)- !N/!N/!N - 425 - Reccmo, Complete Score In this respect the added editorial ficta in the score, as related to this particular aspect, is primarily meant as a stimulant for personal investigation. After that only a few phrases of the hymn are heard in the Gloria, Credo and Sanctus, though the entire melody is quoted in Agnus III. Mix - Josquin: Missa Pange lingua - Kyrie Josquin des Prez, Claudio Monteverdi, Orlande de Lassus, and more Bach: Mass in B minor - Kyrie I - Herreweghe pannonia77 377K views 4 years ago. In the Missa pange lingua, all voices carry variants of the hymn, with the beginnings of successive phrases marking points of imitation in the mass. ensemble and with smaii choir, has RcnsiisssiriCG Pcrforniricc P rscticc The Missa Pange lingua by Josquin des Prez is a cantus firmus Mass; each movement begins with a few notes of successive phrases of the Good Friday hymn. 6 On the contrary, the various transmissions in these Alamire manuscripts suggest that, prior to their copying, performances of the setting outside the direct control of the composer had made clear that its various two-voice sections either were too demanding for the average singer, or that these sections did not suit his taste; hence the alternative sections in BrusBR IV.922. Moreover, a number of unique variant readings have been introduced. 10 0.0/10 This isolated Roman transmission of the mass suggests that only in the second decade of the 16th century did a copy of Josquin's mass become known in circles directly related to the Vatican. Josquin was heading for the wide open spaces as he concluded his mass career. The melody is sung in Latin . - The effect is curiously cathartic, as though the listener, having been "teased" throughout, is finally allowed to enjoy the Sanctus5. A paraphrase mass is a musical setting of the Ordinary of the Mass that uses as its basis an elaborated version of a cantus firmus, typically chosen from plainsong or some other sacred source. Included also is an overview of Josquins Masses, with focus on his final Massthe Missa Pange lingua, composed sometime after 1515 but not published until 1539, after Josquins death. Sanctus V. Agnus Dei, II. Bands: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z. 10 6 Through this approach, in imitation in all voices, these clear-cut melodies clearly affirm what has just been stated. 10 10 In the Missa pange lingua, all voices carry variants of the hymn, with the beginnings of successive phrases marking points of imitation in the mass. By choosing a model so brief and versatile, Josquin opened up a completely new world of musical referencing. While heretofore, the common compositional framework used a borrowed melody in a single voice cantus firmus (such as his own masses on L'ami baudichon and L'homme arm), Josquin in this Mass takes the hymn melody and infuses it into the musical substance of the entire piece. Its reading is in remarkable agreement with that in VatS16, but shares variant readings with JenaU 21 as well. 8 However, numerous copies of the Mass existed during and shortly after Josquins lifetime. 10 alla Missa - Traduzione in inglese - esempi italiano | Reverso Context 0.0/10 - 4 Introducing MuseScore Learn! For librarians and administrators, your personal account also provides access to institutional account management. Missa Pange lingua (Josquin des Prez) - ChoralWiki - CPDL Josquin's Missa Pange lingua, even though its model, the hymn Pange lingua, was associated with Eucharistic practices that were exclusively Catholic. Subscriptions are available to libraries. Background Of his 18 reliably attributed masses, the Missa Pange lingua deserves its high popularity, both for the beauty of individual moments, as well as for the elegance of its formal design. This slow abandonment of the chant as a starting point for the middle movements is also unique. Description: For information, refer to the Mass page. Josquin's fame during his lifetime was such that many works were attributed to him that weren't his, making posterity's effort to assess his stature somewhat more difficult. If you see Sign in through society site in the sign in pane within a journal: If you do not have a society account or have forgotten your username or password, please contact your society. [5] Most of his masses based on hymns are paraphrase masses. 2 [4], Later in the 16th century, paraphrase remained a common technique for construction of masses, although it was employed far less frequently than was parody technique. Agnus Dei 6 THE LUTHERAN IDENTITY OF JOSQUIN'S MISSA PANGE LINGUA - Cambridge Core Performance practices include numbers, types, and placements of singers; meter, tactus, and tempo; text underlay; and musica ficta and music recta. 6 With the Missa Pange lingua we finally come to a setting which has united rather than divided its commentators. Towards cadences between two or more voices in imitation, the leading voice may approach the close of its line with a short improvisation on a foregoing melodic element, or by a subtle embellishment that not infrequently functions as exclamation sign. These partbooks were in the possession of cardinal Giulio de' Medici. 2 6 0.0/10 Michrond (2012/5/12), 5 more: Trumpet 1 Trumpet 2 Trombone Bass trombone Engraving files (Finale), Trumpet 1 However, given that by this time Josquin was living back in Cond-sur-lEscaut, a long way from Fossombrone (where Petrucci was), it is quite possible that he wrote the mass earlier than 1514, which Petrucci didnt know. F, d. With these basic elements, the composer weaves a web of astonishing refinement, in which every melodic and rhythmic element has its place. 6 2 Download and print in PDF or MIDI free sheet music for Missa Pange Lingua by Josquin des Prez arranged by mdg for Soprano, Alto, Tenor, Bass voice (Choral) Browse. Missa Pange lingua (Josquin) - from CDH55374 - Hyperion Records 6 True to its name, Missa La sol fa re mi is based entirely on the notes represented by these five solmization syllables on the medieval scale. - Kyrie - [06:32] 02. In any case, one of these early copies may have traveled to Rome, where it seems to have been treasured immediately. Most likely his last mass, it is an extended fantasia on the Pange Lingua hymn, and is one of Josquin's most famous mass settings. 8 bohm missa | IsraBox Many compositions in fauxbourdon, a characteristic technique of the Burgundian School, use a paraphrased version of a plainchant tune in the highest voice. Its free-flowing polyphony, less rigorously canonic than that of his earlier works, is supple, expressive and extraordinarily beautiful, and contributes to a sonority that's unusually rich and luminous. 8 The Missa Pange lingua of Josquin des Prez: The vocal and choral music of the Renaissance provides a great wealth of repertoire for the small mixed choir composed of young and most ly untrained singers. - 4 To be precise the first nine bars of the first Kyrie are based on the first phrase of the hymn. Was it perhaps one of the singers in Cond who (secretly?) [20], Mizler translation, tables XXIII, XXIV, XXVII, XXIX, XXX. *#404326 - 0.36MB, 42 pp. With their recording of Missa Pange lingua in 1986, Peter Phillips and The Tallis Scholars began one of the most ambitious projects in recording history. 8 Why was josquin des prez important? Traduzioni in contesto per "alla Missa" in italiano-inglese da Reverso Context: Qui, Beethoven ha lavorato, tra le altre, alla Missa solemnis. (-)- !N/!N/!N - 124 - Agarvin, Complete Parts (transposed down a 5th) One late mass, probably composed around 1514, is the four-voice Missa Pange Lingua, based on the plainchant hymn for the Feast of Corpus Christi. 2 6 basis of melodic lines and points of imitation, Cambrai, Bibliothque municipale, Impr. In other Hosannas (Ave maris stella, Malheur me bat) he swopped between them quickly, or even had them both going at the same time; but here the sections are substantial and demarked. The theological message of the chant on which the mass is based is driven home by a remarkable "flowering" of the chant melody in the final section of the Agnus Dei. This is similar to what aspect of . It sums up some of the things he was striving to perfect in his earlier settings, while advancing his compositional language towards the methods of the mid-16th century. 6 Agnus Dei, 2. It is heard first in long note values and then in a more or less free elaboration. pp. Dure : 4968 secondesNombre de pistes : 14Piste 1 : Salve Regina a5Piste 2 : Pange, lingua, glorisiPiste 3 : Missa Pange lingua : KyriePiste 4 : Ave Maria, Virgo SerenaPiste 5 : Missa Pange lingua : GloriaPiste 6 : Inviolata, integra, et casta esPiste 7 : Missa Pange lingua : CredoPiste 8 : Vivrai je tousjoursPiste 9 : El grilloPiste 10 : Missa Pange lingua : Sanctus - BenedictusPiste 11 . Ambrosiana, Ms E. 46 Inf. 10 Founded in 1973 by director Peter Phillips, The Tallis Scholars were choral scholars culled from the chapel choirs of Oxford and Cambridge. 10 Apart from the long duets at Pleni sunt caeli and Agnus II (which both seem like canon at times but are not strict), the most arresting writing comes in the Benedictus, Hosanna, and Agnus III. 4 4 *#203162 - 0.01MB - 3:16 - 4 A prominent biographer confidently calls this the "last Mass composed by Desprez," but no contemporary data can reliably date it. - An almost identical reading, copied most probably from this source between 1518-1521, is transmitted by the Roman choirbook MS Cappella Giulia XII.2, as well as in some incomplete sets of partbooks in the Vatican Library, MSS Palatini Latini 1980-1981 and 1982, which were copied in Rome before 1523. Moreover, the second Agnus dei, also for two voices, is not included in the manuscript. Michrond (2012/5/12), Content is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License - *#622064 - 0.20MB, 3 pp. 10 The preferred date of composition has been after 1514, which was the year of Petruccis last book of Josquins masses, where it doesnt appear. 2 If you cannot sign in, please contact your librarian. 6 6 Towards the end its last six notes are transformed into a peaceful motif that turns the closing passage into an insistent prayer. 10 Willem Elders, NJE 4 (Utrecht: Koninklijke Vereniging voor Nederlandse we would all be a bit more comfortable if you could just skip all the classical crap and go straight to opeth, which is where music truly begins. 14452, f. 243r-v (Gradual Since 1981, the group has made more than 40 critically acclaimed recordings on its own record label, Gimell; its 1987 recording of Josquin's Missa Pange Lingua and Missa La Sol Fa Re Mi won Gramophone's coveted Record of the Year. Table 1: Variant readings in JenaU 21, VatS16 and MunBS 510 against BrusBR IV.922, Pre-existent material: Plainchant hymn Pange lingua gloriosi, treated as

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